Part III. UNIFORMS.
This part includes descriptions of the Saxon uniform worn during the War of Polish Succession. The main source for this part is "Die Armee Augusts des Starken. Das Sachsische heer von 1730 bis 1733" by Reinhold Muller.
Saxon uniform in the War of Polish Succession didn't change much since the Great Northern War (see outstanding Dan Schorr's Saxon army in 1700-17). In 1734 a new pattern was adopted, however Saxons invaded in Poland in autumn 1733 & fought at Danzig in spring 1734 in dress described below.
Frei-Corps (under construction).
Artillery and train (under construction).
Chevaliergarde
They were dressed in Supraweste, Lederkollet & kamisol under Lederkollet. Supraweste: blue vest edged gold. On the front it was decorated by the gold Cross of the Saxon Order. Lederkollet: a buff leather coat with buffs and horizontal pockets, each with 3 buttons. No collar. Trimmed with gold with narrow blue threads. Lederkollet was fastened with hooks, not buttons. The skirts were turned back and hooked. Kamisol: long-sleeved red waistcoat with pewter buttons along its full length (exact number is unknown). No buffs and collar. The vest had horisontal pockets with 3 buttons. Breeches: leather. Boots: black leather. Belts: of buff leather. Blue cartridge box decorated with gold Cross was worn on the waist belt. Broadsword scabbards were worn on the belt over right shoulder under Supraweste. Neckcloth: white. Tricorn: black, with gold trim and white rosette on the left side.
Grand Mousquetairs
They were dressed like Chevaliergarde, but regimental colors were red and white. Supraweste: red vest edged white or silver. On the front it was decorated by the silver Star of the Saxon Order. Lederkollet: a buff leather coat with buffs and horizontal pockets, each with 3 buttons. No collar. Trimmed with white with narrow red threads. Lederkollet was fastened with hooks, not buttons. The skirts were turned back and hooked. Kamisol: long-sleeved red waistcoat with pewter buttons along its full length (exact number is unknown). No buffs and collar. The vest had horisontal pockets with 3 buttons. Breeches: leather. Boots: black leather. Belts: of buff leather. Red cartridge box decorated with silver Star was worn on the waist belt. Broadsword scabbards were worn on the belt over right shoulder under Supraweste. Neckcloth: white. Tricorn: black, with white trim and white rosette on the left side.
Karabinier-Garde
They wore cuirass & had dress style similar to the cuirassiers. Coat: white with red lining, collar, cuffs and lapels. Skirts were turned back and fastened with button. Buttons were brass (yellow). 6 buttons were in pairs on the each lapel & 3 from lapel till waist. The coat had horizontal pockets with 3 buttons. Each cuff had 3 buttons. Under coat was worn either Kamisol (Tuchweste) or Lederkollet. Kamisol: white long-sleeved with brass (yellow) buttons along its full length (exact number is unknown). No buffs and collar. The vest had horisontal pockets with 3 buttons. Lederkollet: a buff leather coat with buffs and horizontal pockets, each with 3 buttons. No collar. Lederkollet was fastened with hooks, not buttons. The skirts were turned back and hooked. Cuirass: two blackened plates without fittings and edged in red. Cuirass was worn over Kamisol or Lederkollet but under coat. Breeches: leather. Boots: black leather. Belts: of buff leather. Cartridge box belt was worn over left shoulder. Broadsword scabbards were worn on the belt over right shoulder. Neckcloth: white. Tricorn: black, with gold trim and white rosette on the left side.
Saxon infantry uniform during the War of Polish Succession didn't differ much from Great Northern War (see Dan Schorr's Saxon army in 1700-17). The main differences were:
Musketeers. Coat: red with red shoulderstrap on the left shoulder under which run the cartridge box belt. Skirts were turned back and fastened with button. Buttons were either brass (yellow) or pewter (white). 6 buttons were in pairs on the each lapel & 3 from lapel till waist. The coat had horizontal pockets with 3 buttons. The cuffs, lapels & coat lining were in the regimental facing color (see chart below). Each cuff had 3 buttons. Infantry coats were without collar. Some regiment had white tabs on the lapels & white lace on the border of coat (see chart below & regimental illustrations). Kamisol: in the regimental facing color (see chart below) with brass or pewter buttons along its full length (exact number is unknown). Breeches: in the regimental facing color (see chart below). In the field infantrymen often wore leather breeches. Stockings: white reaching over the knee and secure by a leather strap under the knee. Belts: of buff leather. Cartridge box belt was worn over left shoulder. Neckcloth: black. Tricorn: black, trimmed with white lace. Muller shows several regiments with pompon in the regimental facing color on the tricorn, other with white rosette.
Grenadiers. They had the same coat, kamisol, breeches & other details of uniform as musketeers with difference in ammunition and with grenadier cap instead of tricorn. In addition to cartridge box grenadiers had a small box on the waist belt. There were 2 pattern of grenadier caps. One was like Prussian fusilier cap. The other cap was in the form of a miter of felt with a bag hanging down behind in the regimental facing color with a red shield trimmed gold.
Zimmerleute (or Zimmermann)
Musicians.
NCO's.
Officers. Their uniform was similar to other ranks, but better decorated. Coat was without shoulderstrap. Neckcloth was white. Officers also wore white or silver sashes around the waist or over left shoulder & had gorget of white metal with gold FA and crown. All illustrations show officer's tricorn with white rosette on the left side.
Regimental charts.
regiment |
facing color |
buttons |
type of grenadier cap |
tabs |
|
1 |
1.Garde* |
red |
yellow |
1 |
Y |
2 |
2.Garde* |
red |
white |
1 |
Y |
3 |
Leibgrenadiergarde* |
crimson |
white |
1 |
Y |
4 |
Leibregiment |
yellow |
yellow |
1 |
Y |
5 |
von Unruh |
white |
yellow |
2 |
N |
6 |
von Haxthausen, |
light yellow |
white |
2 |
N |
7 |
Sachsen-Gotha, |
dark blue |
white** |
1 |
Y |
8 |
du Caila, |
l. green*** |
white |
2 |
N |
9 |
Sachsen-Weissenfels, |
dark yellow |
white |
1 |
N |
10 |
von Lowendahl, |
bleumourant |
yellow |
2 |
N |
11 |
von Wilcke, |
brown |
yellow |
2 |
N |
12 |
Sachsen-Weimar. |
green |
yellow |
1 |
Y |
Footnotes:
* - yellow coats.
** - pre-1733 buttons were yellow
*** - papageigrun
Illustrations of Saxon infantry 1733-34
1.Garde,
2.Garde,
Leibgrenadiergarde,
Leibregiment,
von Unruh,
von Haxthausen,
Sachsen-Gotha,
du Caila,
Sachsen-Weissenfels,
von Lowendahl,
von Wilcke,
Sachsen-Weimar
Muller shows several variants of dragoon suit:
- coat, kamisol and cloth breeches;
- coat, kamisol and leather breeches;
- coat, lederkollet and leather breeches.
Coat: red with red shoulderstrap on the left shoulder under which run the cartridge box belt. Skirts were turned back and fastened with button. Buttons were pewter (white). 6 buttons were in pairs on the each lapel & 3 from lapel till waist. The coat had horizontal pockets with 3 buttons. The cuffs, lapels & coat lining were in the regimental facing color (see chart below). Each cuff had 3 buttons. Dragoon coats were with small collar. Under coat was worn either Kamisol (Tuchweste) or Lederkollet. Kamisol: long-sleeved waistcoat in the regimental facing color (see chart below) with pewter buttons along its full length (exact number is unknown). No buffs and collar. The vest had horisontal pockets with 3 buttons. Lederkollet: a buff leather coat (or vest) with buffs and vertical pockets, each with 3 buttons. No collar and trimming. Lederkollet was fastened with hooks, not buttons. The skirts were turned back and hooked. As a rule, Lederkollet was worn in field, while tuchweste used in everyday service. Breeches: leather or cloth in the regimental facing color (see chart below). In the field dragoons wore leather breeches. Boots: black leather. Belts: of buff leather. Cartridge box belt was worn over left shoulder. Broadsword scabbards were worn on the belt over right shoulder. Neckcloth: black. Tricorn: black, with white trim and white rosette on the left side.
Grenadiers. They had the same uniform as other dragoons with difference in ammunition and with grenadier cap instead of tricorn. In addition to cartridge box grenadiers had a small box on the waist belt. Dragoon's grenadier cap was of the second pattern. It was in the form of a miter of felt with a bag hanging down behind in the regimental facing color with a red shield trimmed white metal.
Musicians.
NCO's.
Officers. Their uniform was similar to other ranks, but better decorated. Coat was without shoulderstrap and collar. Neckcloth was white. Officers also wore white or silver sashes around the waist or over left shoulder & had gorget of white metal with gold FA and crown.
Facing & buttons colors.
|
regiment |
facing color |
buttons |
1 |
von Arnstadt, |
dark blue |
white |
2 |
von Katte, |
light green* |
white |
3 |
von Goldacker, |
green |
white |
4 |
Chevalier de Saxe, |
light blue |
white |
Footnotes:
* - hellgrun or zeisiggrun
Illustrations of Saxon Dragoons 1733-34
Muller shows several variants of cuirassier suit:
- coat, kamisol, leather breeches & cuirass (most of drawings)
- coat, lederkollet, leather breeches & cuirass
- lederkollet, leather breeches & cuirass
Coat: red with red shoulderstrap on the left shoulder under which run the cartridge box belt. Skirts were turned back and fastened with button. Buttons were pewter (white). 6 buttons were in pairs on the each lapel & 3 from lapel till waist. The coat had horizontal pockets with 3 buttons. The cuffs, lapels & coat lining were in the regimental facing color (see chart below). Each cuff had 3 buttons. Cuirassier coats were with small collar. Under coat was worn either Kamisol (Tuchweste) or Lederkollet. Kamisol: long-sleeved waistcoat in the regimental facing color (see chart below) with pewter buttons along its full length (exact number is unknown). No buffs and collar. The vest had horisontal pockets with 3 buttons. Lederkollet: a buff leather coat (or vest) with buffs and vertical pockets, each with 3 buttons. No collar. Muller shows Nassau regiment in Lederkollet edged red. Lederkollet was fastened with hooks, not buttons. The skirts were turned back and hooked. As a rule, Lederkollet was worn in field, while tuchweste used in everyday service. Cuirass: two blackened plates without fittings and edged in red or in regimental color. Cuirass was worn over Kamisol or Lederkollet but under coat. Breeches: leather or cloth in the regimental facing color (see chart below). In the field cuirassiers wore leather breeches. Boots: black leather. Belts: of buff leather. Cartridge box belt was worn over left shoulder. Broadsword scabbards were worn on the belt over right shoulder. Neckcloth: black. Tricorn: black, with trim in the color of regimental metal (yellow or white) and white rosette on the left side.
Karabiniers.
NCO's
Musicians.
Officers. Their uniform was similar to other ranks, but better decorated. Coat was without shoulderstrap and collar. Neckcloth was white. Officers also wore white or silver sashes around the waist or over left shoulder & had gorget of white metal with gold FA and crown.
Facing & buttons colors.
|
regiment |
facing color |
metal and lace |
1 |
Leibregiment (ex-Kronprinz) |
dark blue |
yellow |
2 |
von Criegern, |
orange |
yellow |
3 |
Kronprinz (ex-Prinz Friedrich) |
pale? |
yellow |
4 |
von Polenz, |
red |
yellow |
5 |
von Nassau, |
yellow |
yellow |
6 |
von Promnitz, |
light blue |
yellow |
7 |
von Brand. |
white |
white |
8 |
Sachsen-Gotha |
? |
? |
Illustrations of Saxon Cuirassiers 1733-34
Variants of cuirassier dress on example of Leibregiment
v. Criegern
Kronprinz
v. Polenz
v. Nassau
v. Promnitz
v. Brand
Sachsen-Gotha
Frei-Corps.
Under construction.
Artillery and train.
Under construction.
Part V. Colors and standards.
Back to the Saxon army in the War of Polish Succession.